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Essential List of Scientific Weaknesses of Evolution Theories

Origin of Life Weaknesses: 

• The extreme improbability of obtaining any specific amino acid sequence needed for the proteins of life systems. 
• The high probability of breakdown by hydrolysis of amino acid chains if they were to form in the first place.

• No known way to achieve 100% left-handed amino acids in proteins or the 100% right-handed sugars in RNA and DNA - all of which are universal to life systems. 

• All natural processes are known to produce a 50-50% mixture of left-handed and right-handed molecules.
• Photo dissociation of water vapor has been a source of oxygen since the Earth formed, and there is substantial geologic evidence that a significant amount of oxygen existed in the atmosphere prior to the advent of photosynthesis.  Oxygen breaks down amino acids and sugars that are postulated to have formed!
• There is no known natural source of the information that is present in all life systems.  Random processes are never known to produce information.

Fossil Record Weaknesses: 

• The Cambrian explosion quickly produced all of the basically different body structures, and some of these have since become extinct. This is very different from the evolutionary tree of life, which suggests a slow and gradual increase in body structures.
• Many life forms persist through large expanses of geologic time with essentially no change.  Evolution theory suggests that mutations occur randomly over time and are selected to produce continuing change as the environment continually changes. 
• Most major proposed transitional forms are problematic and controversial. Rarely does the whole organism fit into the proposed developmental path. For example, birds are often said to have transitioned from reptile- hipped dinosaurs like Velociraptor.  But these have a different kind of hip structure than birds.  Birds have the same kind of hip structure as the dinosaurs like stegosaurus and the horned dinosaurs. 

Presently Observed Nature Weaknesses: 

• Selective breeding has produced only very limited change with no new structures occurring over thousands of years and multitudes of generations of selection. This clearly demonstrates that there are natural limits to biological change. Examples: dogs, cattle, pigeons ...
• Induced mutations followed by selection in laboratory experiments have not produced any beneficial structural changes. 
• Most all mutations are detrimental, a few are neutral, and extremely few if any are clearly beneficial. 
• Small changes resulting from natural selection are observed, but are not observed to accumulate to produce structural changes. 
• It is extremely difficult for scientists to propose in detail how the structural or biochemical systems of life could change from a more simple form that was functional.

General practice to avoid misunderstanding: 

• When fossils are illustrated, the illustration should indicate which parts of the skeleton are actually present in the fossil material and which parts are inferred. This may be done for example by color, shading, or outline weight. 
• Fossil abundance versus geologic period diagrams should be shown for all life forms discussed in the text or presented in tree of life or cladogram interpretations. One large diagram might be presented at an early point in the discussion of fossils. Where little intact fossil material is known, fine lines or dotted lines should be used to indicate inferred or hypothesized connections or relationships. 
• If evolution is compared to the change over time of the product of any human endeavor, then the role of intelligence and purpose in that human endeavor must also be clearly recognized and discussed.

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Copyright 2003-2008 Texans for Better Science Education (TBSE)
Last updated: July 08, 2008.
Not authorized by any political candidate.  Paid for by Mark Ramsey.